![]() ![]() Lastly, bones with complex shapes are classified as irregular bones. They are thin, and plate-like, and though termed flat, are usually curved. The third type is flat bones, exemplified by the scapulae, sternum, and bones of the skull. The patella, or kneecap, is a sesamoid bone found at the knee joint. Sesamoid bones are similar to short bones but are more rounded and flatter and are embedded within tendons or muscles. The carpals of the wrist and tarsals of the ankle are examples of short bones. In contrast, short bones have a cube-like appearance, with roughly equal sides. Most bones in the limbs, such as the femur, humerus, and finger bones, are of this type. Long bones are cylindrical and longer than they are wide. There are some rough markings on the lateral and medial borders of the patella where vasti lateralis and medialis attach.The adult human skeleton typically comprises 206 bones, which are primarily classified on the basis of shape as long, short, flat, and irregular. The side lying medially is called the medial border, the one facing laterally is called the lateral border, and the one which lies proximally is referred to as the superior border or base. The pointy end is the apex and the three sides from the borders. The posterior surface articulates with the femur and is marked by two shallow depressions or facets, medial and lateral.īeing triangular, it has a pointy end and three sides. Patella is a thick, flat, triangular bone, having concave anterior and convex posterior surfaces. As the patella sits in front of the femoral condyles, it increases or decreases the angle at which the quadriceps tendon pulls the tibial shaft, thus extending or flexing the lower leg. Allow smooth knee movement by acting as a pulley for the quadriceps tendon during flexion and extension of the lower leg.Protect the knee joint from any physical injury. ![]()
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